|
|
The Islamic Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings: The impact of the Islamic movements interactions on thedemocratization process and the level of radicalization
Saad, Mohamed ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Esposito, John L (referee) ; Muhammad Mady, Abdel-Fattah (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Political Science Dissertation Abstract The Islamist Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings The Impact of the Islamist Movements' Interactions on the Democratization Process and the Level of Radicalization Author: Mohamed Saad Supervisor: Janusz Salamon, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2023 Abstract The Islamist movements played a socio-political role in many Arab and Middle Eastern countries. They provided social services and a resistance ideology, either for the West or local political regimes. They mobilized their supporters in a large social movement that crystallized the Islamic Ummah's relative deprivation and common grievances. In some cases, Islamism was used as a justification ideology to legitimize the ruling regime. Also, it has been used as an ideology to justify the use of radical and jihadist violence. The Islamism involvement in the Arab Spring raised the classic dilemma in a new shape, either to integrate the Islamists in an open political process; however, this integration may undermine democracy and individual rights in the long term, or to exclude the Islamists from the political life in a way that may encourage more Islamists to resort to violence to achieve their goals. The dissertation tests...
|
|
|
Left-wing terrorism: the case of the Red Brigades in Italy and the Red Army Faction in Germany
Budilová, Michaela ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Hájek, Lukáš (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of left-wing terrorism in Italy and West Germany, two Western democracies where terrorism has emerged more than anywhere else in Europe. Terrorist organizations, including the Red Brigades (RB) in Italy and the Red Army Faction (RAF) in West Germany, emerged in an environment of political and social conflict and radicalized protests against the state establishment. These organisations were chosen for this diploma thesis because of their prominent status, their longevity and the influence they have gained in the field of left-wing terrorism. In its comparative analysis, the thesis attempts to simultaneously interweave three different levels of analysis: the socio-political contexts of Italy and West Germany (macro-level), a focus on the two terrorist groups and their organizational dynamics (meso-level), and the ideology and motivations of the terrorists (micro-level). The aim of this thesis is to explore and gain insight into the RB and RAF organisations in terms of ideology and to describe the factors behind the rise and fall of these terrorist organisations.
|
|
| |
|
|
Social Movement Black Lives Matter and Female Activism
Knotková, Barbora ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (advisor) ; Moree, Dana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of the social movement Black Lives Matter and its perception of women and female activism within the movement. The aim of the thesis is to understand the Black Lives Matter social movement based on the theoretical classification of social movements into two types, new and old, and to determine whether it is even possible to classify the Black Lives Matter movement into only one of these categories. For the purpose of a deeper understanding, the thesis also looks at the connection of Black Lives Matter movement with feminist movement and examines Black Lives Matter's approach towards women and female activism. The research is based on a conceptual framework, which consists of the theory of new social movements with the addition of the typology of political activism and intersectional theory.
|
|
|
Social and Environmental Mobilization in the Arctic: Exploring the Discursive Strategies of the Gwich'in People
Jurčová, Alžběta ; Císař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis explores the discursive practices of the Gwich'in tribe in Alaska, specifically in the context of the environmental conflict over the proposed oil development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, an area they have inhabited for generations. Over the years, the tribe has been actively engaged in political activism to protect the Refuge from oil development, with a specific focus on safeguarding the Porcupine Caribou herd that inhabits the area. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of political ecology, the thesis posits that the core of this conflict lies in differing ontologies of nature rather than divergent interests. To address this research problem, the thesis investigates the discursive strategies employed by the Gwich'in and their evolution, utilizing critical discourse analysis guided by Van Dijk's sociocognitive approach. By analyzing testimonies given by Gwich'in speakers before the US Congress between 2003 and 2019, the research identifies four key discursive strategies utilized by the Gwich'in. The empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that ontological differences underpin the tribe's discursive repertoire. Through an exploration of the Gwich'in tribe's discursive practices, the thesis seeks to gain deeper insights into how their discursive practices contribute to...
|
|
| |
|
|
Mass protests in Romania and France: a comparison of contemporary anti-establishment movements
Boudová, Kristina ; Bauer, Paul (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
Mass protests in Romania and France: a comparison of contemporary anti-establishment movements Author: Kristina Boudová Abstract This thesis examines the divergence and convergence of two populist social movements: The Yellow Vests in France and #rezist in Romania, both of which emerged in response to political and economic grievances. The movements converge in their critique of elites, corruption, and social inequality while defining said elites differently. Through a comparative analysis of the movements' origins, goals, strategies, and outcomes, this research identified similarities and differences between the two movements in terms of their populist features. The findings shed light on the complex nature of populism as a political phenomenon that can take different forms in different regions and contexts.
|
|
|
A Loving Home for Every Animal: Civic Engagement of Founders of Dog and Cat Shelters
Urbanová, Adéla ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (advisor) ; Šťovíčková Jantulová, Magdaléna (referee)
This diploma thesis presents the conclusions of a qualitative research that dealt with the civic engagement of female founders of private shelters for dogs and cats. The topic is grasped on the basis of the theory of social movements and with the help of models bridging the opposition of volunteerism and activism. At the same time, the interpretation of the results of the thematic analysis relies on the concept of zoopolis, which presents citizenship as a category applicable to human-animal relations. The founders of private shelters approach the animals in their care as unmistakable individuals, beings with personhood and actors who can be and are invited to participate in decisions affecting their lives.
|
|
|
Media representation of George Floyd's death in the discourse of selected Czech online media
Lněničková, Adéla ; Řehořová, Irena (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The thesis focuses on the representation of the death of the African-American man George Floyd in the media discourse of selected Czech online media. Floyd's death filled the American, Czech and world media and activated the Black Lives Matter movement. The thesis focuses on conservatively oriented media (Echo24.cz, Reflex.cz and Forum24.cz). The research sample will be articles from 29 May to 25 July 2020. Critical discourse analysis according to Norman Fairclough is the methodological background of the work, it also works with several basic types of representation that will be used in the thesis. The theoretical section outlines the social constructivist paradigm in which the thesis is set and introduces in particular the work of Teun van Dijk and research focusing on media representations of minorities. The contextual part introduces the theory of social movements, the portrayal of George Floyd's death in the American and Czech media, and the events that the death triggered in the US (and later in other parts of the world). The analytical part reveals the main three discursive frames in which the topic was presented, namely the death of George Floyd as the beginning of the great protests, the death of George Floyd as politics, and the death of George Floyd and left-wing ideology. This part of...
|
|
|
Production of knowledge on climate crisis
Nunez, Eva ; Zandlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Novák, Arnošt (referee)
In my thesis I am using ethnographic research methodology to study ways of communication and production of knowledge about the climate crisis in the Czech climate movement. The thesis focuses on four activist groups known for their use of direct action - Extinction Rebellion, Greenpeace, Limity jsme my (We are the Limits) and "Stop Dirty Money", an activist coalition group. I examine the process of making of their communication and who their communication is aimed at. Emphasis is placed on their use of direct action and emotional framing of climate crisis. The thesis analyzes how each group's views on social change are reflected in their communication and production of knowledge.
|
guest ::
